He aha te maitai?
He koranu rino te maitai, ā, ko te huānga koranu matua ko te waro. Heoi anō, he rerekētanga kei tēnei whakamāramatanga pērā i ngā maitai kore-whakawhiti (IF) me ngā maitai kore-waikura ferritic momo 409, e kiia ana te waro he poke.
He aha te koranu?
Ina whakaranua ngā momo huānga rerekē ki roto i te huānga turanga i roto i ngā rahinga iti ake, ka kiia te hua he koranu o te huānga turanga. Nō reira, he koranu rino te maitai nā te mea ko te Rino te huānga turanga (te wāhanga matua) o te maitai, ā, ko te huānga koranu matua ko te Waro. Ko ētahi atu huānga pērā i te Manganese, te Silicon, te Nickel, te Chromium, te Molybdenum, te Vanadium, te Titanium, te Niobium, te Konumohe, me ētahi atu, ka tāpirihia hoki i roto i ngā rahinga rerekē hei whakaputa i ngā momo (ngā momo rānei) o te Rino.
He tohunga a Jindalai (Shandong) Steel Group Co., Ltd., he kaiwhakarato matua hoki mō ngā pae/paipa/kōiri/pereti maitai me te kowiri tira. Tukuna mai tāu patai, ā, ka koa mātou ki te kōrero ngaio ki a koe.
He aha ngā momo maitai rerekē?
I runga i ngā hanganga matū, ka taea te whakarōpū i te maitai ki ngā momo matua e whā (04):
● Te maitai waro
● Kowiri tira
● Rino Koranu
● Rino Utauta
1. Maitai Waro:
Ko te maitai waro te maitai e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi, ā, neke atu i te 90% o te katoa o ngā maitai e hangaia ana. I runga i te nui o te waro, ka wehea ngā maitai waro ki ngā rōpū e toru.
● Rino Waro Iti/Rino Ngāwari
● Rino Waro Waenga
● Te maitai waro teitei
Kei te ripanga i raro nei te nui o te waro:
| Kāore. | Momo maitai waro | Ōrau o te Waro |
| 1 | Rino Waro Iti/Rino Ngāwari | Tae atu ki te 0.25% |
| 2 | Rino Waro Waenga | 0.25% ki te 0.60% |
| 3 | Te maitai waro teitei | 0.60% ki te 1.5% |
2. Kowiri tira:
He maitai koranu te maitai kore waikura, kei roto ko te 10.5% Chromium (Iti rawa). He ātete te maitai kore waikura ki te waikura, nā te hanganga o tētahi paparanga angiangi rawa o te Cr2O3 i runga i tōna mata. E mōhiotia ana hoki tēnei paparanga ko te paparanga kore mahi. Mā te whakanui ake i te nui o te Chromium ka nui ake te ātete waikura o te rauemi. Haunga te Chromium, ka tāpirihia hoki te Nickel me te Molybdenum hei whakarato i ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana (e pai ake rānei). Kei roto hoki i te maitai kore waikura ngā nui rerekē o te Waro, te Silicon, me te Manganese.
Ko ngā maitai kore waikura anō hoki e whakarōpūtia ana hei;
1. Ngā maitai kowiri tira Ferritic
2. Ngā maitai kowiri tira Martensitic
3. Ngā maitai kowiri tira Austenitic
4. Ngā Rino Kowiri tira takirua
5. Ngā Rino Kowiri tira mō te Whakamārō i te Ua (PH)
● Kowiri tira Ferritic: Ko ngā maitai Ferritic he mea hanga mai i ngā koranu rino-chromium me ngā hanganga karaihe poraka kei waenganui i te tinana (BCC). He aukume ēnei i te nuinga o te wā, ā, kāore e taea te whakapakeke mā te maimoatanga wera engari ka taea te whakapakari mā te mahi matao.
● Kowiri tira Austenitic: Ko ngā maitai Austenitic te mea tino ātete ki te waikura. Kāore e aukume, kāore hoki e taea te whakamahana. I te nuinga o te wā, he tino ngāwari te whakarewa i ngā maitai austenitic.
● Kowiri tira Martensitic: He tino kaha, he pakari hoki ngā kowiri tira Martensitic, engari kāore i te rite te ātete ki te waikura ki ērā atu akomanga e rua. He tino ngāwari ki te miihini, ki te aukume, ā, ka taea te tukatuka wera i ēnei kowiri tira.
● Ngā Rino Kowiri tira Tārua: Ko te rino kowiri tira tārua he hanganga moroiti e rua-wāhanga kei roto ko ngā konganuku o te rino kowiri tira ferritic me te rino kowiri tira austenitic (arā, Ferrite + Austenite). E rua te kaha o ngā rino tārua i ngā rino kowiri tira austenitic, ferritic rānei.
● Ngā Rino Kowiri tira Whakapakari-Ua (PH): He tino kaha ngā Rino Kowiri tira Whakapakari-Ua (PH) nā te whakapakeketanga o te ua.
3. Rino Koranu
I roto i te maitai whakarewa, ka whakamahia ngā ōwehenga rerekē o ngā huānga whakarewa, hei whakatutuki i ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana (kua whakapaitia) pērā i te āheinga whakarewa, te ngāwari, te āheinga miihini, te kaha, te āheinga whakapakeke me te ātete ki te waikura, me ētahi atu. Ko ētahi o ngā huānga whakarewa e whakamahia nuitia ana me ō rātou pānga ko ēnei e whai ake nei;
● Konupora – Ka whakanui ake i te kaha me te pakeke, ka whakaiti i te ngāwari me te ngāwari whakarewa.
● Hiraka – Whakamahia hei tango i ngā paitini i roto i te tukanga hanga maitai.
● Whero – Ka whakanui ake i te kaha me te pakeke, ka whakaiti hoki i te ngāwari me te pakari o te maitai ki te pā ki te koki.
● Whānariki – Ka whakaiti i te ngāwari o te whakarewa, te pakari o te pānga ki te kōhao, me te āheinga whakarewa. Kei roto i te āhua o ngā whakaurunga whānariki.
● Parahi – kua pai ake te ātete ki te waikura.
● Nikara – Ka whakanui ake i te pakari me te kaha pānga o ngā maitai.
● Molibdenum – Ka whakanui ake i te pakari me te ātete ki te ngoki o ngā maitai iti-koranu.
4. Rino Utauta
He nui te waro o ngā maitai taputapu (0.5% ki te 1.5%). Mā te nui o te waro ka nui ake te pakeke me te kaha. Ko te nuinga o ēnei maitai ka whakamahia hei hanga taputapu me ngā mate. Kei roto i te maitai taputapu ngā rahinga rerekē o te tungsten, te cobalt, te molybdenum, me te vanadium hei whakanui ake i te ātete ki te wera me te kakahu, me te roa o te konganuku. Nā tēnei ka tino pai ngā maitai taputapu hei whakamahi hei taputapu tapahi me te keri.
Kei te pupuri tonu a Jindalai Steel Group i ngā taonga pai rawa atu o te umanga. Ka taea e Jindalai te āwhina i a koe ki te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi maitai e tika ana kia tere ai te whiwhi i ngā mea e hiahiatia ana e koe ina tae ki te wā hoko. Mena kei te tata mai te hoko rauemi maitai, tonoa he whakatau utu. Ka whakaratohia e mātou tētahi e tere ai te whiwhi i ngā hua e hiahiatia ana e koe.
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Wā tuku: Hakihea-19-2022
