Akohia ngā Āhuatanga me ngā Whakamahinga o te Mea Parahi

He maha ngā momo hua parahi a Jindalai (Shandong) Steel Group Co., Ltd. e tuku ana i ngā rahinga me ngā rahinga hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o tētahi kaupapa.
1. Ngā Āhuatanga
● Momo Koranu: Rua
● Ngā Ihirangi: Parahi me te Konutea
● Kiato: 8.3-8.7 karamu/cm3
● Te Pūwāhi Rewa: 1652-1724 °F (900-940 °C)
● Te pakeke o Moh: 3-4

2. Ngā Āhuatanga
Ko ngā āhuatanga tuturu o ngā parahi rerekē e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hanganga o te koranu parahi, inā koa te ōwehenga parahi-konutea. Heoi, i te nuinga o te wā, ka whakanuia ngā parahi katoa mō tō rātou ngāwari ki te miihini, te ngāwari rānei o te hanga i te konganuku ki ngā āhua me ngā āhua e hiahiatia ana, me te pupuri tonu i te kaha teitei.

Ahakoa he rerekētanga i waenga i ngā parahi he nui te konutea me te iti te ihirangi, ko ngā parahi katoa e kiia ana he ngāwari te hanga, he ngāwari hoki te whakarewa (he iti te konutea). Nā te iti o te ira rewa, ka taea hoki te whakarewa i te parahi. Heoi, mō ngā mahi whakarewa, he pai ake te nui o te konutea.

Ka taea te mahi matao, te whakarewa me te whakapūmau i ngā parahi he iti te nui o te konutea. Mā te nui o te parahi ka taea e te konganuku te hanga i tētahi paparanga waikura tiaki (patina) i runga i tōna mata hei tiaki i te waikura anō, he āhuatanga nui tēnei i roto i ngā mahi e whakaatu ana i te konganuku ki te makuku me te huarere.

He pai te kawe hiko me te wera o te konganuku (ko tōna kawe hiko kei waenganui i te 23% ki te 44% o te parahi parakore), ā, he ātete ki te pakaru me te mura. Pērā i te parahi, nā ōna āhuatanga bacteriostatic i whakamahia ai i roto i ngā taputapu kaukau me ngā whare hauora.

E kiia ana te parahi he koranu iti te waku, kāore hoki e aukume, ā, nā ōna āhuatanga oro i whakamahia ai i roto i ngā taonga puoro 'pēne parahi' maha. E whakanuia ana e ngā kaitoi me ngā kaihoahoa ngā āhuatanga ataahua o te konganuku, nā te mea ka taea te whakaputa i roto i ngā tae maha, mai i te whero pouri ki te kōwhai koura.

3. Ngā tono
Nā ngā āhuatanga whai hua o te parahi me te ngāwari o te hanga, kua waiho hei tetahi o ngā koranu e whakamahia whānuitia ana. He mahi nui te whakarārangi katoa o ngā whakamahinga katoa o te parahi, engari kia mārama ai ki ngā ahumahi me ngā momo hua e kitea ai te parahi, ka taea e tātou te whakarōpū me te whakarāpopoto i ētahi whakamahinga mutunga i runga i te taumata o te parahi e whakamahia ana:
● Parahi tapahi kore utu (hei tauira, parahi C38500, parahi 60/40 rānei):
● Ngā nati, ngā pūtu, ngā wāhanga miro
● Ngā Pūrua
● Ngā Rererangi
● Ngā tap
● Ngā werohanga

4. Hītori
I hangaia ngā koranu parahi-konutea i Haina i te rautau 5 BC, ā, i whakamahia whānuitia i Āhia Waenganui i te rautau 2 me te 3 BC. Heoi, ko ēnei konganuku whakapaipai te mea pai rawa atu ko ngā 'koranu taiao', nā te mea kāore he taunakitanga i whakauru ā-hinengaro ngā kaihanga i te parahi me te konutea. Engari, ko te āhua nei i whakarewahia ngā koranu mai i ngā konganuku parahi whai konutea, ka puta he konganuku rite ki te parahi mata.

E ai ki ngā tuhinga Kariki me Rōmana, i puta te hanga ā-tauira o ngā koranu rite ki te parahi o ēnei rā, mā te whakamahi i te parahi me te konganuku whai rawa i te konutea e mōhiotia ana ko te calamine, i te rautau tuatahi BC. I hangaia te parahi calamine mā te whakamahi i te tukanga whakapiri, mā te whakarewa i te parahi i roto i te oko whakarewa me te konganuku smithsonite (calamine rānei) i hurihia.

I ngā pāmahana tiketike, ka huri te konutea kei roto i taua konganuku hei kohu, ka uru ki roto i te parahi, ā, ka puta he parahi parakore, he 17-30% te nui o te konutea. I whakamahia tēnei tikanga hanga parahi mō te tata ki te 2000 tau tae noa ki te tīmatanga o te rautau 19. Kāore i roa i muri i te kitenga o ngā Rōmana i te huarahi ki te hanga parahi, ka whakamahia te konukōre mō te hanga moni i ngā rohe o Turkey o ēnei rā. Kāore i roa ka horapa tēnei puta noa i te Emepaea o Rōmana.

5. Ngā momo
Ko te kupu 'parahi' he kupu whānui e pā ana ki te whānuitanga o ngā koranu parahi-konutea. Inaa, neke atu i te 60 ngā momo parahi rerekē kua tohua e ngā Paerewa EN (Pāngarau Pākehā). Ka taea e ēnei koranu te whai whānuitanga o ngā hanganga rerekē i runga i ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana mō tētahi tono motuhake.

6. Te Hanga
Ko te nuinga o te wā ka hangaia te parahi mai i ngā para parahi me ngā poro konutea. Ka tīpakohia te para parahi i runga i ōna poke, nā te mea e hiahiatia ana ētahi atu huānga hei whakaputa i te taumata parahi e hiahiatia ana.
Nā te mea ka tīmata te konutea ki te koropupū me te mimiti i te 1665°F (907°C), i raro iho i te pūmahana rewa o te parahi 1981°F (1083°C), me whakarewa tuatahi te parahi. Kia rewa, ka tāpirihia te konutea ki te ōwehenga e tika ana mō te taumata o te parahi e hangaia ana. Ahakoa kei te wātea tonu te ngaronga o te konutea nā te mimiti.

I tēnei wā, ka tāpirihia atu ētahi atu konganuku tāpiri, pērā i te mata, te konumohe, te silicon, te arsenic rānei, ki te ranunga hei hanga i te koranu e hiahiatia ana. Kia rite te koranu rewa, ka ringihia ki roto i ngā pokepokea ai ka totoka hei pereti nui, hei pereki rānei. Ka taea te tukatuka tika i ngā pereki - he mea hanga ki te parahi alpha-beta - hei waea, hei paipa, hei ngongo mā te whakaputa wera, arā, te pana i te konganuku wera mā roto i te mata, te hanga wera rānei.

Ki te kore e whakaputaia, e hangaia rānei, ka whakamahanatia anō ngā pereki, ka whāngaihia mā roto i ngā roera maitai (he tukanga e mōhiotia ana ko te huri wera). Ko te hua he pereti he iti iho i te hawhe inihi te matotoru (<13mm). I muri i te whakamatao, ka whāngaihia te parahi mā roto i te mīhini mira, i te mīhini keri rānei, e tapahi ana i tētahi paparanga angiangi mai i te konganuku hei tango i ngā hapa whakarewa mata me te waikura.

I raro i te hau hau hei ārai i te waikura, ka whakamahanahia te koranu ka hurihia anō, he tukanga e mōhiotia ana ko te whakamahana i mua i te hurihia anō i ngā pāmahana makariri ake (hurihuri makariri) ki ngā rau matotoru tata ki te 0.1" (2.5mm). Ka whakapēhia e te tukanga hurihuri makariri te hanganga o roto o te parahi, ka hua ake he konganuku kaha ake, he konganuku mārō ake. Ka taea te mahi anō i tēnei mahi kia tae rā anō ki te matotoru, ki te mārō rānei e hiahiatia ana.

Hei whakamutunga, ka kanihia, ka kutikutia hoki ngā rau kia puta ai te whānui me te roa e hiahiatia ana. Ko ngā rau katoa, ngā mea whakarewa, ngā mea hanga, me ngā mea parahi kua puta ake, ka horoia ki te waikura matū, he mea hanga ki te waikawa hauwai me te waikawa whanariki, hei tango i te unahi me te pirau o te waikura parahi pango.

Kei a Jindalai ngā pepa parahi me ngā koiri, he matotoru mai i te 0.05 ki te 50mm, ā, kei roto i ngā momo whakapakeke kua whakamahanatia, kua mārō te hauwhā, kua mārō te haurua, me ngā momo whakapakeke katoa. Kei te wātea hoki ētahi atu momo whakapakeke me ngā koranu. Tukuna mai tāu patai, ā, ka koa mātou ki te kōrero ngaio ki a koe.

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